Overactive bladder, often called OAB, can cause a sudden or frequent need to urinate, sometimes with urine leakage or waking up at night to use the bathroom. These symptoms can be frustrating, disruptive, and hard to talk about, but they are also common.
If you think you may be experiencing overactive bladder symptoms, talking with your doctor is an important first step. This guide explains what overactive bladder is, common symptoms and causes, and possible treatment options your healthcare provider may discuss with you.
What is Overactive Bladder?
Overactive bladder is a condition that causes sudden or frequent urges to urinate. For some people, these urges may be difficult to control and may lead to urine leakage.
In fact, overactive bladder, also known as OAB, affects up to 30 percent of men and 40 percent of women. However, according to the Official Foundation of the American Urological Association, that number may be higher than reported since many people living with symptoms of urinary incontinence feel embarrassed to talk about it or see their doctor.
The main symptoms of overactive bladder include:
- sudden urge to urinate
- urine leakage
- making more trips to the bathroom than before
Those living with overactive bladder may also experience secondary symptoms like:
- fatigue from disrupted sleep due to nocturia
- embarrassment
- decreased social activity
- depression
If you’re experiencing symptoms of incontinence or overactive bladder, talk to your urologist or another qualified healthcare professional who can determine the cause and make a recommendation for your individual needs.
What Causes Overactive Bladder?
Aging and Gender Factors
OAB can affect anyone at any age, but age and gender often play a role. Over time, the pelvic floor and bladder muscles may weaken, leading to urine leakage. Women are more likely to experience OAB due to hormonal changes and childbirth, which are common causes of weakened pelvic muscles.
Lifestyle Triggers
Certain lifestyle factors can temporarily trigger OAB symptoms:
- Alcohol: Drinking too much alcohol can increase bladder activity and even lead to bed-wetting.
- Excess fluids: Drinking large amounts of fluids or caffeinated beverages can also lead to frequent urination.
- Bladder irritants: Caffeine, spicy foods, and acidic drinks can irritate the bladder, leading to increased urination.
Underlying Health Conditions
In some cases, chronic urinary incontinence and overactive bladder may be linked to serious health conditions. Neurological disorders like Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s disease are known risk factors for OAB.
Other medical conditions like diabetes and kidney disease may sometimes contribute to OAB symptoms. If you’re experiencing ongoing symptoms, contact your healthcare provider.
How is Overactive Bladder Treated?
Treatments for OAB vary, depending on the cause and severity of symptoms. Here are some commonly recommended treatment options:
Lifestyle and Dietary Modifications
Your doctor may suggest dietary changes, like reducing caffeine or acidic foods. Drinking the right amount of fluids is also essential to avoid dehydration.
Bladder Botox® Injections
Some cases of OAB may be managed by the regular injection of Botox® into the bladder’s overactive muscles.
Pelvic Floor Exercises
Strengthening your pelvic floor muscles can significantly improve bladder control. Kegel exercises may help reduce symptoms over time by targeting the muscles that support the bladder.
Prescribed Medications
If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, medication may be prescribed to reduce bladder muscle contractions.
Intermittent Catheterization
In some cases, a healthcare professional may recommend intermittent catheters to help manage symptoms and reduce leakage. Talk to your doctor or urologist to see what they suggest is best for your needs.
Seeking Support and Products to Manage Overactive Bladder
It’s normal to experience these kinds of symptoms, and it is perfectly alright to talk to your healthcare provider. They will not judge or shame you. They’re here to help you!
If you notice symptoms of an overactive bladder or other changes to your urinary system, schedule an appointment or get in touch with your healthcare provider to see what might be causing it and what they recommend as treatment.
If your treatment plan includes intermittent catheterization to help treat the symptoms of overactive bladder or urinary incontinence, 180 Medical is here for you
Our catheter specialists are ready to help you find the right catheter product for your needs and preferences.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Information provided on 180medical.com should not be used as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment from a qualified healthcare professional. Please consult your healthcare provider with any questions about your condition, treatment, or medical supply needs.
